Browsing by Author "Hamilton Sánchez, James George"

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    Latent Classes of Adverse Childhood Experiences in a Nationally Representative Chilean Sample: Associations with Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Gender
    (2025) Barrera, Pablo; Manriquez Reyes, Karina; Undurraga Tschischow, María Catalina; Santelices Álvarez, María Pía; Valenzuela Carvallo, Eduardo; Viviani García, Paola; Hamilton Sánchez, James George; Murillo Urrutia, José Andrés
    Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are linked to negativemental health outcomes, yet their co-occurrence remainsunderstudied, particularly in Latin America and Chile. This cross-sectional study applied Latent Class Analysis (LCA) toa nationally representative Chilean sample of adults aged 18to 65 (N = 2,101). The objective was to identify distinct ACEsubgroups and examine their associations with depressivesymptomatology, suicidal ideation and gender differences.Depressive symptoms were measured using the PHQ-9, andlifetime suicidal ideation was assessed via a single-item ques-tion. A four-class solution emerged: (1) low adversity, (2) mediumadversity, (3) high adversity marked by abuse and violence, and (4)polytrauma. Two high-adversity classes comprised 40% of thesample and were associated with significantly elevated risks ofdepression (OR = 10.62; 95% CI: 6.04–18.68) and suicidal idea-tion (OR = 31.61; 95% CI: 10.61–94.16). Gender differences wereobserved, with women overrepresented in the abuse-focusedclass and men in the medium adversity class.