Browsing by Author "Guillermo Salgado, A."

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    Massive Communication Between the Superficial Branch of Radial Nerve and the Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Forearm, a Morphometric Study. 1+1 <= 2
    (SOC CHILENA ANATOMIA, 2012) Guillermo Salgado, A.; Martin Inzunza, A.; Claudio Cruzat, C.; Oscar Inzunza, H.
    The distribution of sensory nerve branches in the lateral and the back of the hand have been described more accurately in recent decades due to advances in new diagnostic techniques, which have identified that about 40% of the population examined have some degree of anatomical variation in the distribution area of the sensitive nerves involved. The knowledge of the number of fibers forming a sensitive nerve of the hand has become more important with the development of microsurgical techniques and ultrasonography; procedures that have demonstrated the usefulness of this information in the diagnosis and treatment of nerve injuries. Thus, the fascicular architecture, adipose tissue area and the vascular area of a nerve branch, data that has been demonstrated that change with age, will determine the therapeutic and prognosis of nerve injuries. In this case we present an extremely rare and bilateral anatomical variation, involving the superficial branch of radial nerve and the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve, a situation that is described in the literature only once and which notably alter the sensory innervations of the radial edge of the hand.
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    Stereology of the Human Thyroid Gland
    (SOC CHILENA ANATOMIA, 2011) Guillermo Salgado, A.; Vasquez, Belgica; del Sol, Mariano
    The thyroid gland is a an extensive, medium and symmetrical endocrine gland situated on the anterior side of the neck at the lower third and the upper third junction. The thyroid follicle is the functional and structural unit of the thyroid gland. Follicles are separated from each other by narrow interfollicular connective tissue. Stereo logical values of follicular, parafollicular and colloid containing follicles have been observed in experimental animal models. The aim of this study was to determine the existence of a stereological pattern in the human thyroid gland defined by age and sex. A sample of six human thyroid glands of adult males with no history of thyroid disease or disorder obtained from non fixed human cadavers; of these cadavers the gland was removed and processed for thyroid follicle density (21.09 mm(2)/mm(3)), follicular cell number density (10.81 x 10(5) cells/mm(3)) and parafollicular (1.81 x 10 cells/mm(3)). With the average gland volume (21.3 mm(3)) we determined the total number of follicular cells (230.22 x 10(5)) and parafollicular (38.33 x 10(5)). The number of follicles per mm (2) (46.18 follicles/mm(2)) was also determined. Prior information and knowledge of numerical values and normal stereological proportions provides excellent parameters for determining hyper or hypotrophic endemic or exogenous alterations leading to stratification of certain disorders which was already observed in experimental models where differences amongst models were significant.
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    Vena renal Izquierda Recurrente Retroaórtica. Reporte de una Rara Variación
    (Soc. Chilena Anatomía, 2011) Inzunza, Oscar; Inzunza A., Martín; Guillermo Salgado, A.
    Este trabajo describe el trayecto aberrante de la vena renal izquierda detectado en un cadáver de sexo masculino, utilizado con fines docentes en nuestro Departamento de Anatomía, cuya causa de muerte fue un cuadro de neumonía intrahospitalaria. En este caso, la vena renal izquierda tiene un trayecto descendente de 89 mm, dispuesta a la izquierda de la aorta abdominal, entre los niveles vertebrales L II-L V. A la altura de la V vértebra lumbar la vena recurrente se curva hacia medial, pasando por dorsal de la aorta abdominal, para abocarse a la vena ilíaca común izquierda justo en el punto donde esta forma, junto con la vena homónima de la antímera derecha, la vena cava inferior. La vena renal izquierda recurrente tiene un calibre final de 14,86 mm y recibe como afluentes a la vena adrenal, la vena gonadal y finas ramas parietales de la región lumbar izquierda. La vena renal derecha, de situación normal, tiene un diámetro de 12,10 mm y desemboca en la vena cava inferior a 101,85 mm del punto de formación de esta. En relación con las tributarias de la vena cava inferior, la vena ilíaca común derecha presenta un calibre de 18,44 mm mientras que su homóloga izquierda, que recibe como afluente a la vena renal recurrente, presenta un diámetro de 23,74 mm. La causa de esta rara anomalía, cuya incidencia es del orden del 0,16% y que aparece escasamente descrita en la literatura, radica en la persistencia del segmento posrrenal de la vena supracardinal izquierda y el cierre de las anastomosis supracardinal y subcardinal. Este hallazgo, que es especialmente atractivo para los alumnos durante la disección, representa un problema en la clínica debido a que más del 40% de estas venas de trayecto aberrante son interesadas en la cirugía de la aorta abdominal.