Browsing by Author "Farías Jofré, Marcelo"
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- ItemASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERINATAL FACTORS AND COMPONENTS OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN CHILDREN OF PUENTE ALTO, SANTIAGO, CHILE(2013) Mardones, Francisco; Pacheco, M.; Dominguez, Angélica; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Eriksson, J. G.; Arnáiz Gómez, Pilar; Barja Y., Salesa; Castillo Valenzuela, Oscar; Farías Jofré, MarceloBackground and objectives: we have previously studied the association of prenatal growth with metabolic syndrome (MS) components, including insulin resistance (IR), in about two thousand Chilean low-income urban school-age children (J Devel Orig Health Dis. 2012; 3(4): 237-244). We aim to ascertain with a higher sample size the influence of the above mentioned variables. Methods: retrospective cohort study linking information on MS and IR in school-age, with perinatal records. 3325 children were enrolled in schools in the district of Puente Alto (Santiago, Chile) during 2009-2011. Anthropometry and blood pressure (BP) were assessed. A blood sample for determination of glycemia, insulinemia (quimioluminiscence) and blood lipids was taken; HOMA was calculated and a national standard was applied to select HOMA-IR cases. Cook et al standard was used to define MS. We used Pearson correlation, chi-square test and logistic regression step-by-step. Linear and quadratic associations were tested with Poisson regression. Results: 3290 children had complete information at birth (98.9%) 52.01% women; aged 11.4 + 1 years. The prevalence of MS and IR was 7.26% and 25.47%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed an inverse association between birth length (BL), gestational age and birth weight (BW) with most dependent variables studied. However BW showed a direct association with the majority of the dependent variables studied. The waist circumference > 90th percentile, BP > 90th percentile and triglycerides > 110 mg/dl were associated with U-shaped BW, BL and ponderal index, respectively. Conclusions: In this new study we could demonstrate a higher number of U-shaped associations with perinatal variables. New studies with higher sample sizes would permit to show this kind of associations and improve our understanding of the early origins of metabolic diseases.
- ItemASSOCIATION OF SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS WITH DIFFERENT STANDARDS OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME AND INSULIN RESISTANCE(2013) Arnai, P.; Dominguez, Angélica; Barja Y., Salesa; Godoy, I.; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Castillo Valenzuela, Oscar; Farías Jofré, Marcelo; Mardones, FranciscoBackground and objectives: we have previously selected two metabolic syndrome (MS) components blood pressure (BP) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) as associated with carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) a surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in children (Rev Med Chile 2012; 140: 1268-75). We aimed to ascertain with a higher sample size the influence of the above mentioned variables and three standards defining the MS plus three standards defining insulin resistance (IR). Methods: A cross-sectional study of 447 children 10-14 years old of low socio-economic strata from an urban area of Chile was performed during years 2009-2011. This sample was selected considering the presence of one or more MS component and IR. Anthropometry and BP were assessed. A blood sample for determination of glycaemia, insulinemia (quimioluminiscence) and blood lipids were taken; HOMA was calculated and three standards were applied to select HOMA-IR cases. Three standards to define MS were also used. Medium CIMT was assessed using ultrasonography with automated software. Chi-squared test and stepwise regression were used. Results: Mean age was 11.5 ±1.0 years old; 59% girls; 92.6% pubertal; 72% excess weight. Three standards for MS had prevalence of 24.4% (Cook, 2004), 14.1% (IDF, 2007), 42.9% (De Ferranti, 2004). Three standards for HOMA-IR had the following prevalence: 15.2% (Barja, 2011), 37.4% (Burrows, 2006), 23.0% (De Onis, 2012). Elevated blood pressure and reduced CHDL had significant associations with CIMT ≥ percentile 75. The logistic regression for CIMT ≥ percentile 75 only selected BP ≥ percentile 90 (OR = 2.963) and CHDL < 40 mg/dL (OR = 1.789) Conclusions: None of the various classifications for the MS and the HOMA-IR were selected in the multivariate analysis confirming the previously found influence of increased BP and reduced CHDL on medium CIMT.
- ItemCesárea electiva versus parto vaginal(2012) Farías Jofré, Marcelo; Oyarzún Ebensperger, EnriqueSe revisan aspectos actuales de la operación cesárea en términos de su incremento en todos los países del mundo, especialmente en Chile. Se analizan frecuencias, causas e indicaciones, así como las recomendaciones vigentes en términos de frecuencia esperada. Se recuerdan los indicadores chilenos de salud materno-infantil y se analizan, de acuerdo a la mejor evidencia disponible, las ventajas y desventajas de ambas vías de parto: operación cesárea versus parto vaginal. Finalmente se presentan recomendaciones generales que podrían contribuir a reducir la alta tasa de cesáreas.
- ItemClinical manegment of serous borderline ovarian tumors in Dr Sotero del Rio Hospital(2015) Puga, O.; Perez, M. V.; Garcia, K.; Saavedra, M. V.; Sáez Vásquez, Norman; Barriga, M. I.; Farías Jofré, Marcelo; Fernandez, M.; Rodriguez, T.
- ItemCOMPARISON OF TWO PREGNANCY NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION STANDARDS IN ADOLESCENT CHILEAN PREGNANT WOMEN(2017) Villalobos Restovic, Andrea; Mardones, Francisco; Rosso R., Pedro Pablo; Farías Jofré, Marcelo; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Bacallao, Jorge; Rojas, Ivan
- ItemCOMPARISON OF TWO PREGNANCY NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION STANDARDS USING NATIONAL DATA FROM URUGUAY(2017) Mardones, Francisco; Gonzalez, Nely; Bove, Maria Isabel; Rosso R., Pedro Pablo; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Bacallao, Jorge; Farías Jofré, Marcelo
- ItemComposición corporal de neonatos con alteraciones en el crecimiento fetal(1999) Mardones, Francisco; Bastías, Gabriel; Farías Jofré, Marcelo; Dinamarca V., Raúl; Olavarría FM., Fernando; Rada G., Gabriel; Rojas González, Álvaro Miguel; Rojas González, PamelaCon el objetivo de estudiar la asociación entre la composición corporal en recién nacidos con el peso al nacer y las alteraciones del crecimiento fetal, se estimó las masas magra y grasa de 224 recién nacidos de familias de bajos ingresos en Santiago de Chile, utilizando el método antropométrico de Dauncey. En el total de estos niños sanos de término la proporción de masa grasa fue 16,5%. Hubo una fuerte y significativa asociación positiva del peso al nacer con la masa magra (r2 = 88,9%) y con la masa grasa (r2= 58,2%). Aunque la masa grasa constituyó sólo 16,5% del peso al nacer, explicó una gran proporción de su varianza (58,2%). En los neonatos con retardo del crecimiento fetal o con bajo índice ponderal hubo una composición corporal particular. Esos recién nacidos tuvieron valores absolutos inferiores tanto de la masa grasa como de la masa magra, pero sólo la masa grasa fue proporcionalmente menor que en los niños normales o con sobrepaso. El déficit nutricional de estos niños está asociado con un mayor riesgo de afecciones perinatales, por lo que debiera ser prevenido con una adecuada alimentación de la madre durante el embarazo. Los resultados obtenidos, similares a los de estudios previos en países desarrollados, sugieren que la estimación de la composición corporal podría ser útil para evaluar el crecimiento fetal al momento del nacimiento.
- ItemHistopathological prognostic factors in stage ia-iia cervical cancer surgically treated: a retrospective study with five years follow up(2013) Puga Saiz, Oscar Luis; Perez, M. V.; Saavedra, M.; Fernandez, M.; Sierra, P.; Barriga, M. I.; Barrena Medel, Nicanor Ignacio; Farías Jofré, Marcelo; Rodriguez, T.