Browsing by Author "Espinosa Ramírez, Maximiliano Andrés"

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    Estimation of ventilatory thresholds during exercise using respiratory wearable sensors
    (2024) Contreras Briceño, Felipe; Cancino, Jorge; Espinosa Ramírez, Maximiliano Andrés; Fernández, Gonzalo; Johnson, Vader; Lopez Hurtado Daniel Eduardo
    Ventilatory thresholds (VTs) are key physiological parameters used to evaluate physical performanceand determine aerobic and anaerobic transitions during exercise. Current assessment of theseparameters requires ergospirometry, limiting evaluation to laboratory or clinical settings. In this work,we introduce a wearable respiratory system that continuously tracks breathing during exercise andestimates VTs during ramp tests. We validate the respiratory rate and VTs predictions in 17 healthyadults using ergospirometry analysis. In addition, we use the wearable system to evaluate VTs in 107recreational athletes during ramp tests outside the laboratory and show that the mean populationvalues agree with physiological variables traditionally used to exercise prescription. We envision thatrespiratory wearables can be useful in determining aerobic and anaerobic parameters with promisingapplications in health telemonitoring and human performance
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    High-flow nasal cannula in adults with chronic respiratory diseases during physical exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (2024) Moya Gallardo, Eduardo Sebastián; Fajardo Gutiérrez, Jeniffer; Acevedo Encalada, Karol Stefanie; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Bravo Jeria, Rocío Paz; Ortiz Muñoz, Luis Eugenio; Contreras Briceño, Felipe; Espinosa Ramírez, Maximiliano Andrés
    Background: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) affect at least 545 million people globally, leading to symptoms such as dyspnoea, fatigue and limited physical activity. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programmes aim to improve the exercise capacity and quality of life of patients with CRD through exercise training. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy shows potential as an adjunct treatment during exercise, but its effects on CRD populations are unclear. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of HFNC during exercise in people with CRD.Methods: A systematic review was conducted and eight databases and other resources were searched from inception (28 June 2022) to 4 April 2023. Studies that used adult patients with CRD and randomised controlled trial that compared the effect of HFNC versus standard care (conventional oxygen therapy or room air) during exercise were included. Two authors independently selected trials, extracted the data, assessed risks of bias and employed the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach to judging the certainty of evidence. We pooled trials using random-effect models and inverse variance estimation.Results: Seventeen studies (n=8406) were included in the review (570 patients). The evidence suggests that HFNC increases exercise time after multiple training sessions (weighted mean difference (WMD)=160.58 s; 95% 95% CI=67.32-253.83, 2 studies) and increase after a single session (WMD=72.10 s; 95% CI=28.95-115.24, 11 studies). HFNC may result in little improvements in secondary outcomes (quality of life, dyspnoea, comfort, complications and adherence).Discussion: The evidence suggests that HFNC may increase functional exercise capacity and positively enhance secondary outcomes. Continued research is justified to elucidate the role of HFNC in PR during exercise training.
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    Oxigenación de músculos respiratorios y locomotores durante el test cardiopulmonar en pacientes con circulación de Fontan: serie de casos
    (2021) Contreras Briceño, Felipe; Valderrama Erazo, Paulo Javier; Moya Gallardo, Eduardo Sebastián; Espinosa Ramírez, Maximiliano Andrés; Villaseca Rojas, Yenny Maritza del Carmen; Ira-Ira, Cinthya; Moya, Anita; Mieres Herrera, Jocelyn Eliana; Clavería Rodríguez, Cristián
    Antecedentes: Los pacientes con circulación de Fontan (PCF) presentan limitación cardíaca durante el esfuerzo máximo lo que repercute en menor capacidad de ejercicio (VO2-peak). La rehabilitación cardiovascular (RC) revierte este desacondicionamiento, al aumentar el gasto cardíaco y diferencia arteriovenosa de oxígeno, aspectos evaluados con monitorización invasiva y gases exhalados. La valoración no invasiva de la saturación muscular de oxígeno (SmO2) es un método de reciente aplicación para evaluar la limitación muscular al ejercicio. En PCF esta limitación puede atribuirse a la mayor acción de músculos respiratorios (cambios ventilatorios) y/o locomotores (carga periférica).Objetivo: Evaluar el trabajo de músculos respiratorios y locomotores durante el ejercicio físico máximo e incremental mediante los cambios en la SmO2. Métodos: A seis PCF (5 hombres; 13.8±2.9 años; 158±9cm; 49.8±13.3 kg) se les valoró el VO2-peak (23.0±4.5mL·kg-1·min-1) mediante ciclo-ergoespirometría sincrónicamente con SmO2 en músculos respiratorios (SmO2-m.Intercostales) y locomotores (SmO2-m.Vastus-Laterallis) mediante espectroscopía cercana al rango infrarrojo durante el test cardiopulmonar. Resultados: SmO2-m.Intercostales disminuyó desde el 60% del VO2-peak (p<0.05), mientras que SmO2-m.Vastus-Laterallis no cambió. La ventilación pulmonar (VE) aumentó progresivamente, siendo significativo a partir del 60% VO2-peak (p<0.05). La mayor desoxigenación de SmO2-m.Intercostales (∆SmO2) se asoció con los máximos cambios en ventilación pulmonar (∆VE) en ejercicio (rho=0.80; p=0.05). Conclusiones: Durante un protocolo de esfuerzo, los pacientes con circulación de Fontan presentan mayor trabajo muscular respiratorio que locomotor. Los cambios en la ventilación pulmonar se asocian a mayor extracción de oxígeno en la musculatura respiratoria, reforzando la necesidad de incorporar el entrenamiento respiratorio en la rehabilitación cardiovascular.
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    Reliability of NIRS portable device for measuring intercostal muscles oxygenation during exercise
    (2019) Contreras Briceño, Felipe; Espinosa Ramírez, Maximiliano Andrés; Hevia, G.; Llambias, D.; Carrasco, M.; Cerda, F.; López Fuenzalida, Antonio Eduardo; García Cañete, Patricia; Gabrielli, Luigi; Viscor, G.
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    Sex-Differences in the Oxygenation Levels of Intercostal and Vastus Lateralis Muscles During Incremental Exercise
    (Wiley, 2021) Espinosa Ramírez, Maximiliano Andrés; Moya Gallardo, Eduardo Sebastián; Araya Román, Felipe Andrés; Riquelme Sánchez, Santiago Martín; Rodríguez García, Guido Hernán Antonio; Reid, W. Darlene; Viscor, Gines; Araneda, Oscar F.; Gabrielli Nervi, Luigi Arnaldo; Contreras Briceño, Felipe
    This study aimed to examine sex differences in oxygen saturation in respiratory (SmO2-m.intercostales) and locomotor muscles (SmO2-m.vastus lateralis) while performing physical exercise. Twenty-five (12 women) healthy and physically active participants were evaluated during an incremental test with a cycle ergometer, while ventilatory variables [lung ventilation (V.E), tidal volume (Vt), and respiratory rate (RR)] were acquired through the breath-by-breath method. SmO2 was acquired using the MOXY(R) devices on the m.intercostales and m.vastus lateralis. A two-way ANOVA (sex x time) indicated that women showed a greater significant decrease of SmO2-m.intercostales, and men showed a greater significant decrease of SmO2-m.vastus lateralis. Additionally, women reached a higher level of Delta SmO2-m.intercostales normalized to V.E (L.min(-1)) (p < 0.001), whereas men had a higher level of Delta SmO2-m.vastus lateralis normalized to peak workload-to-weight (watts.kg(-1), PtW) (p = 0.049), as confirmed by Student's t-test. During an incremental physical exercise, women experienced a greater cost of breathing, reflected by greater deoxygenation of the respiratory muscles, whereas men had a higher peripheral load, indicated by greater deoxygenation of the locomotor muscles.