Browsing by Author "Escobar Henríquez, Raul"
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- ItemBotulismo infantil: Comunicación de un caso y revisión del tema(2008) Córdova, Guilliana; Escobar Henríquez, Raul; Perret P., Cecilia; Castillo, Andrés; Carrasco O., Juan Andrés; Rodríguez C., José IgnacioBackground: Infant botulism is a rare and potentially lethal neurological disease produced by the ingestion of a neurotoxin secreted by Clostridium botulinum, causing diffuse paralysis. Objective: Describe the first case in Chile since the establishment of an obligatory report and describe the diagnosis, clinical presentation and outcome. Case-report: A 2 months-old male with 48 hours of poor feeding and swallowing, weak cry, listlessness and constipation. He was admitted for hospitalization with probable sepsis and required tracheotomy due to apnea with failed endotracheal intubation, requiring mechanical ventilation for 150 days and hospitalization during 180 days. The diagnosis was confirmed by isolating Clostridium botulinum toxin from stool. Conclusion: The diagnosis of infant botulism requires a high suspicion index and the treatment includes intensive care monitorization with general support.
- ItemLisencefalia y epilepsia en pediatría(2007) Hernández Chávez, Marta Isabel; Bolte Marlhoz, Lillian; Mesa Latorre, Tomás; Escobar Henríquez, Raul; Mellado Sagredo, Cecilia; Huete Lira, IsidroBackground: Lissencephaly is a brain malformation caused by defective neuronal migration and characterized by epilepsy and severe psychomotor retardation, with high mortality. Objective: Describe the clinical presentation, neuroradiologic characteristics and evolution of 9 children with lissencephaly. Results: 9 children (4 males) were controlled between 1999 and 2007. The diagnosis was made during the neonatal period in 4 patients; 3 cases presented seizures and microcephaly, while 1 newborn had a prenatal ultrasonography showing cerebral malformation. The diagnosis was made during the first year of life in 5 patients; 4 cases had epilepsy, severe psychomotor retardation and microcephaly, while 1 child had macrocephaly. During follow-up period, 8/9 children had catastrophic epilepsy and severe psychomotor retardation. Conclusions: Lissencephaly is a pathology with bad prognosis, usually diagnosed during the first year of life. Symptoms include refractory epilepsy and severe psychomotor delay. It is important to complete the evaluation with genetic studies and high - resolution neuroimaging, in order to perform an early diagnosis, predict evolution and offer genetic counsil. © 2008 Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría.