Browsing by Author "Cifuentes, Lorena"
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- ItemAgreement between dermatologic and pediatric researchers in scoring of atopic dermatitis in children(2014) Borzutzky Schachter, Arturo; Hoyos Bachiloglu, Rodrigo Andrés; Navarrete Dechent, Cristián Patricio; Vera Kellet, Cristián Andrés; Silva Valenzuela, Sergio; Cifuentes, Lorena; Iturriaga, C.; Cristi, F.
- ItemAssociation between obesity and atopic dermatitis in children: A case-control study in a high obesity prevalence population(2022) Iturriaga, Carolina; Bustos, María Francisca; Le Roy, Catalina; Rodríguez, Rocío; Cifuentes, Lorena; Silva-Valenzuela, Sergio; Vera-Kellet, Cristián; Cristi, Francisca; Pérez-Mateluna, Guillermo; Cabalín, Carolina; Hoyos-Bachiloglu, Rodrigo; Camargo Jr., Carlos A.; Borzutzky Schachter, ArturoBackground/Objective: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Research suggests an association between obesity and AD, although evidence is lacking from Latin American populations. This study evaluated the association of obesity with AD in children from Chile, a country with high obesity prevalence. Methods: A case-control study was performed in children with active AD (cases) and healthy controls (HCs) from Santiago, Chile. Body mass index was evaluated by z-score (z-BMI), with overweight defined as z-BMI ≥+1 and <+2, and obesity as z-BMI ≥+2. Abdominal obesity was defined by a waist circumference-to-height ratio (WHR) ≥0.5. AD severity was evaluated by Scoring AD (SCORAD) index. Results: A total of 174 children with AD and 101 controls were included. AD patients had similar overweight (27% vs. 28%) and obesity (21% vs. 26%) rates as HCs (p = .65). Abdominal obesity rates were also comparable (64% vs. 62%, p = .81). In sex-specific analyses, girls with AD had higher abdominal obesity rates than HCs (71% vs. 53%, p < .05) while boys with AD had lower abdominal obesity rates than HCs (53% vs. 75%, p = .03). Among children with AD, higher z-BMI or WHR did not correlate with higher SCORAD, eosinophil counts or total IgE. Conclusion: In our study, Chilean children with AD had high but similar rates of obesity as HCs, but showed sex-specific associations of abdominal obesity and AD. Further research is needed to evaluate these associations and the roles that weight excess and weight loss could play in the pathogenesis and treatment of AD.
- ItemBanding ligation versus beta-blockers for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding in children. Protocol(2013) Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Cifuentes, Lorena; Cerda, Jaime; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Rivera Cornejo, Marcela; Peña Villegas, Alfredo Javier
- ItemBanding ligation versus sclerotherapy for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal varices in children (Protocol)(2015) Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Cifuentes, Lorena; Cerda, Jaime; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Peña Villegas, Alfredo Javier; Torres Robles, R.
- ItemBanding ligation versus sham or no intervention for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding in children(2015) Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Cifuentes, Lorena; Cerda, Jaime; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Peña Villegas, Alfredo Javier; Rivera Cornejo, M.
- ItemBeta-2 agonists for the treatment of bronchiolitis(2020) Gómez, C.; Alarcón, G.; Cifuentes, Lorena
- ItemBeta-blockers versus placebo or no intervention for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal varices in children(2015) Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Cifuentes, Lorena; Cerda, Jaime; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Peña Villegas, Alfredo Javier; Torres‐Robles, Romina
- ItemDo inhaled corticosteroids have a role for bronchiolitis?(2018) Alarcón Andrade, Gonzalo; Cifuentes, Lorena
- ItemDoes a clinical prediction rule anticipate the diagnosis for streptococcal pharyngitis in children aged 2 to 15?(SOC CHILENA INFECTOLOGIA, 2018) Katzulovic, Lorena; Garcia, Patricia; Wozniak, Aniela; Villarroel, Luis; Hirsch, Tamara; Concha, Ida; Catalan, Silvia; Cifuentes, LorenaBackground: The etiology of a streptococcal pharyngitis must be documented by laboratory techniques to avoid unnecessary antimicrobial treatment, but this strategy increases cost for the patient. Available scores applied in children or adults are imperfect. Aim: To develop a clinical prediction rule to aid the diagnostic process of streptococcal pharyngitis (SP) in children in a low-resource setting. Methods: Three hundred and eighteen patients aged 2 to 15 years who were evaluated for suspected SP at the Pediatric Emergency Department and the Pediatric Ambulatory Unit of Red Salud UC-Christus entered the study. A throat culture and a rapid antigen detection test for Streptococcus pyogenes were obtained from each patient. Data were analyzed for possible clinical predictors of SP with univariate and multiple regression analyses. Results: Seventy-three cases of SP were diagnosed (23.9%). In the univariate analysis, fever was inversely associated with SP (p = 0.002). Odynophagia, palatal petechiae, and season of the year (autumn and winter) were positively associated with SP (p = 0.007, p < 0.001 and p = 0.03 respectively). In multiple regression analysis the models did not have sufficient power to predict streptococcal etiology. Conclusion: Clinical predictors, even those systematically included in clinical prediction rules, did not show sufficient predictive power to safely include or exclude SP in this setting, and thus, it is necessary to improve access to confirmatory tests.
- Item¿Es efectivo el racecadotrilo como tratamiento para la diarrea aguda en niños?(2015) Sáez, Josefina; Cifuentes, Lorena
- Item¿Es efectivo un esquema antibiótico acortado para el tratamiento de la faringoamigdalitis bacteriana en niños?(2017) Rojas-Ramírez, Camila; Kramer-Urrutia, Tomás; Cifuentes, Lorena
- ItemEstudio de validez diagnóstica de la prueba de hemorragia oculta fecal en lactantes con proctocolitis alérgica inducida por proteína alimentaria(2018) Concha, Sara; Cabalín, Carolina; Iturriaga, Carolina; Pérez Mateluna, Guillermo; Gómez, Constanza; Cifuentes, Lorena; Harris D., Paul R.; Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Borzutzky Schachter, Arturo
- ItemFish oil-based lipid emulsions versus standard lipid emulsions for prevention of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in children(2016) Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Castet, A.; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Cifuentes, Lorena; Torres Robles, R.; Alberti, Gigliola
- ItemFish oil-based lipid emulsions versus standard lipid emulsions for treatment of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in children(2016) Alberti, Gigliola; Castet, Alex; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Cifuentes, Lorena; Rivera Cornejo, Marcela; Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal
- ItemPredicting Asthma Using Clinical Indexes(2019) Castro Rodríguez, José Antonio; Cifuentes, Lorena; Martínez, F. D.
- ItemRapid molecular detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in Santiago, Chile(International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2012) Balcells Marty, María Elvira; García Cañete, Patricia; Chanqueo, L.; Bahamondes, L.; Lasso, M.; Gallardo, A. M.; Cifuentes, LorenaSETTING: Santiago, Chile, has a mean annual tuberculosis (TB) rate of 13 per 100 000 population; however, TB incidence in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals is at least 20 times higher. OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of rapid molecular testing for pulmonary TB (PTB) detection in routine care in HIV-infected patients. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study, conducted prospectively in five hospitals between March 2010 and June 2011. HIV-positive subjects with suspected PTB provided sputum or mouth wash samples that were directly processed for acid-fast smear, mycobacterial cultures and Xpert® MTB/RIF. Positive test results were reported on the same day. RESULTS: We enrolled 166 subjects into the study; 50.6% provided two sputum samples, 33.1% only one sputum sample and 16.3% a mouth wash sample. The prevalence of TB was 8.1% (13/160). Diagnostic sensitivity increased from 66.7% (95%CI 39.1–86.2) for acid-fast smear to 91.7% (95%CI 64.6–98.5) for Xpert MTB/RIF, with comparable specificity at 98.6% (146/148, 95%CI 95.2–99.6) and 99.3% (147/148, 95%CI 96.3–99.9). Xpert MTB/RIF allowed early detection of rifampicin resistance in 16.6% of cases, with rapid adjustment to multidrug-resistant treatment. CONCLUSION: Xpert MTB/RIF provided earlier TB diagnosis in 25% more cases than acid-fast smear alone. Its implementation should be considered for TB diagnosis in HIV-positive patients even outside TB-endemic areas.
- ItemRisk factors for recurrent wheezing following acute bronchiolitis: A 12-month follow-up(2003) Cifuentes, Lorena; Caussade Larraín, Marie Solange; Villagrán Miranda, Claudia Asunción; Darrigrande, Paula; Bedregal, Paula; Valdivia Cabrera, Gonzalo; Sánchez Díaz, Ignacio
- ItemSclerotherapy versus beta-blockers for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding in children(2015) Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Cifuentes, Lorena; Cerda, Jaime; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Peña Villegas, Alfredo Javier; Torres Robles, Romina
- ItemSclerotherapy versus sham or no intervention for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding in children(2015) Gana Ansaldo, Juan Cristóbal; Cifuentes, Lorena; Cerda, Jaime; Villarroel del Pino, Luis A.; Peña Villegas, Alfredo Javier; Rivera Cornejo, Marcela
- ItemShould systemic corticosteroids be used for bronchiolitis?(2018) Alarcón Andrade, G.; Cifuentes, Lorena