Browsing by Author "Chamorro, Rodrigo"

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    Sleep Restriction and Weekend Sleep Compensation Relate to Eating Behavior in School-Aged Children
    (2025) Chamorro, Rodrigo; Garrido-González, Marcelo; Gutiérrez, Mariolly; Santos Martin, José Luis; Weisstaub, Gerardo
    Purpose: Several studies showed that shortened sleep duration and subsequent sleep debt are related to obesity risk in children. We evaluated the association between habitual sleep restriction and eating behavior in school-aged children with and without obesity. Patients and Methods: In 131 school-aged children (mean [±SD] age 10.2 ± 2.0 years), we assessed eating behavior through the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). Actigraphic recordings measured sleep patterns for 4 consecutive days, including a weekend day. CEBQ scores were calculated in sleep-restricted children (having a nighttime sleep duration <8 hours) during week and weekend days and compared for those with (n = 67) and without obesity (n = 64). CEBQ scores were also compared between children with and without sleep compensation (a weekend catch-up in sleep duration ≥1 hour compared to weekdays’ sleep duration). Results: The mean sleep duration was 8.0 ± 1.3 h, and about 70% of children slept less than the daily sleep recommendation. Children having sleep restriction had higher scores in the four CEBQ pro-ingestion dimensions (all P<0.021) as well as lower “satiety responsiveness” but higher “emotional undereating” scores (both P<0.049). No differences in CEBQ were found in the normal- weight group when comparing children with or without sleep restriction. In the group with obesity, however, those sleep-restricted showed lower ratings in “slowness of eating” (P<0.015), “satiety responsiveness”, and “food fussiness” (both P<0.035) compared to non-restricted, particularly during weekend days. Finally, children showing no sleep compensation on weekend days had higher pro- ingestion (all P<0.020) and lower anti-ingestion scores (all P<0.041). Conclusion: Sleep duration was lower than the recommended sleep in this sample of school-aged children. Sleep restriction was associated with enhanced pro-ingestion eating behavior scores and reduced anti-ingestion scores. Sleep compensation appears to have a positive effect on eating behavior scores.
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    Vegetarian Diets and Their Effect on n‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Status in Humans: Systematic Review
    (2025) Chamorro, Rodrigo; Tabilo, Claudia; Muñoz, Yasna; Núñez, Hilda; Hernández Rodas, María Catalina; Farías, Camila; Echeverría, Francisca; Valenzuela, Rodrigo
    Vegetarian diets limit the consumption of foods of animal origin to a variable extent, potentially leading to deficiencies in specific nutrients, particularly proteins and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) from fish or seafood. This systematic review aimed to assess the impact of vegetarian diets on n-6 and n-3 PUFA status in humans, with a focus on critical periods such as pregnancy and growth. Studies were included if they evaluated the relationship between vegetarian diets and PUFA status with clearly defined vegetarian diet types and PUFA measurement methods. Exclusion criteria included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and studies that included occasional meat or fish consumption. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Springer, and ScienceDirect databases, considering articles published up to 2023. A total of 45 studies were involved; the review found that vegetarian diets increased linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6, LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3, ALA) intake but resulted in significantly reduced concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3, DHA), particularly in vegan diets. DHA intake from microalgae oil was shown to effectively improve serum DHA status, particularly during pregnancy and lactation. The evidence included in this review is limited by variations in study designs, potential biases in dietary reporting, and inconsistencies in PUFA (especially intake) measurement methods. These findings highlight the need for strict dietary planning and supplementation strategies to mitigate deficiencies, particularly during critical developmental periods.