Browsing by Author "Carvajal, Rodrigo"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Exogenous Applications of Brassinosteroids Improve Color of Red Table Grape (Vitis vinifera L. Cv. “Redglobe”) Berries
    (2018) Vergara Valderrama, Alexis Esteban; Alcalde Furber, José Antonio; Pérez Donoso, Alonso Gastón; Díaz, Katy; Carvajal, Rodrigo; Espinoza Catalán, Luis Javier
    Color and other quality parameters of “Redglobe” grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berries were evaluated after treatment with brassinosteroid (BR) analogs. Three BRs analogs (24-epibrassinolide, Triol, or Lactone) were applied at three concentrations (0.0, 0.4, or 0.8 mg⋅L-1), at the onset of veraison. A commercial formulation (B-2000®) was also applied, at a recommended rate of 0.06 mg⋅L-1. The tested BR analogs were effective improving berry color (evaluated as color index for red grapes, CIRG), increasing the levels of soluble solids and anthocyanins, and changing the types of anthocyanins present without altering other quality and yield parameters. The effects of BR analogs on color enhancement could be explained by an increase in soluble solids content and/or anthocyanin content. Treatment with 24-epibrassinolide (at 0.4 mg⋅L-1) or the commercial formulation tended to favor the production of dihydroxylated anthocyanins, which are responsible for the red and pink colors of grape berries. Results indicate that the use of BRs constitutes a potential tool in the production of table grapes. This is the first report of this enhancement effect in a productive context.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Frequency of diminished ovarian reserve in women with multiple sclerosis in Chile: An exploratory study
    (2023) Pelayo Carolina; Ciampi Díaz, Ethel Leslie; Soler León, Bernardita María; Uribe San Martín, Reinaldo Moises; Reyes Delgado, Ana Cecilia; García, Lorena; Del Canto, Adolfo; Gutiérrez Carquin, Leticia; Barrerra Hormazabal, Antonia; Jurgensen Heinrich, Lukas; Guzman Cárcamo, Ignacio; Carvajal, Andrés; Troncoso, Carlos; Carvajal, Rodrigo; Cárcamo Rodríguez, Claudia Andrea
    Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease affecting around 2.8 million people worldwide. Two-thirds are women, and the mean age at diagnosis is about 30 years old. Social trends are moving towards older age at first pregnancy, both in women with and without MS. Objectives: To determine the frequency of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) through anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) measurement in women with MS at fertile age and Healthy Females (HF) in Chile. Methods: Case-control, multicentric, cross-sectional study including relapsing-remitting people with MS (pwMS) between 18 and 40 years and sex and age-matched HF. We obtained a blood sample to determine AMH levels. We defined DOR as AMH <1.5 ng/mL and very-low AMH levels as <0.5 ng/mL. Also, we performed questions regarding reproductive decision-making. Results: We included 79 sex and age-matched HF and 92 pwMS, median age 32(19–40) years, median disease duration 6 (1–17)years, median EDSS 1.0 (0–6), 95% were receiving disease-modifying therapy (DMT), 70% high-efficacy DMT and 37% with a treatment that contraindicates pregnancy. DOR was observed in 24% (n = 22) of the pwMS, compared to 14% (n = 11) of the HF (p = 0.09), while very-low AMH levels were observed in 7.6% (n = 7) of pwMS and none of the HF (p = 0.0166). We observed an inverse correlation between age and AMH levels. Age was the only significant risk factor for low AMH levels in pwMS (OR 1.14 95%CI(1.00–1–31), p = 0.04), including smoking, body mass index (BMI), hormonal contraception, autoimmune comorbidity, high/low-moderate efficacy DMT, and active disease as covariables. We did not find statistically significant differences in age at diagnosis, BMI, disease duration, EDSS, autoimmune comorbidity, use of hormonal contraception, or percentage of active disease between MS women with normal vs DOR. Over 70% of pwMS desired to become pregnant in the future, while 60% considered that the diagnosis of MS was a limitation for pregnancy planning. Conclusions: No differences in DOR, measured by levels of AMH, were observed between pwMS MS and HF in Chile. As expected, AMH levels were correlated only with ageing. This information may be evaluated early during the disease course to help patients and neurologists with fertility counselling and family planning considerations regarding DMT use.