Browsing by Author "Bonacic, Cristián"

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    Dinámica estacional y patrones de distribución de la avifauna asociada a humedales subantárticos de la Reserva de Biosfera Cabo de Hornos (54-55ºS), Chile
    (2009) Ibarra Eliessetch, José Tomás; Rozzi, Ricardo; Gilabert, Horacio; Anderson, Christoper B.; McGehee, Steven M.; Bonacic, Cristián
    El rol de las aves en la ecología de los ecosistemas subantárticos de la Reserva de Biosfera Cabo de Hornos (RBCH), Chile, ha sido poco estudiado. Se estudió el efecto de la altitud, distancia al borde costero, tamaño del espejo de agua, estación del año y cobertura vegetacional sobre la diversidad y abundancia de aves de humedales y de sus hábitats adyacentes en isla Navarino (54–55ºS, 67ºW) en la RBCH. Se cuantificó la composición específica, riqueza de especies y abundancias relativas de aves de humedales y de sus hábitats adyacentes, de manera estacional. Se registró un total de 56 especies pertenecientes a 10 órdenes y 25 familias, con una marcada estacionalidad en riqueza (P = 0,001) y número total de individuos (P < 0,01). De ellas, 33, 9% fueron residentes, 48,2% llegan en primavera-verano y para un 17,9% se desconoce su estacionalidad. La distancia a la costa marina es la variable que mejor explica tanto la riqueza (P < 0,01) como el número total de individuos (P < 0,05). Humedales a mayor distancia de la costa y altitud, presentaron menor diversidad de aves, a pesar de que los cambios en altitud fueron bajos (<300 m). Este trabajo muestra los patrones de estacionalidad y dinámica, así como los mecanismos subyacentes, de la avifauna de humedales y sus hábitats adyacentes en la RBCH. Aceptado el 20 de Mayo de 2009
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    Diversity and foraging activity of bats in cultivated and uncultivated areas in agroecosystems of a Mediterranean-climate hotspot
    (2019) Muñoz, Alejandra E. ; Ossa, Gonzalo ; Zaviezo, Tania ; Bonacic, Cristián
    Bats are one of the least-studied vertebrate groups in Chile. We sampled six fruit farms in the Mediterranean-climate zone and three in a semiarid zone during 2015 and 2016, respectively. We assessed if activity (passes) and foraging (feeding buzzes) of bat species differed between cultivated and uncultivated intra-farm habitats. We found six bat species, all threatened and insectivorous. Tadarida brasiliensis was the most frequently recorded species. We found more activity and foraging in uncultivated than cultivated habitats in total, although the opposite trend was observed during springtime in semiarid region. More than a third of the bat passes were feeding buzzes in both habitats, suggesting the potential service to agriculture. Further investigation is needed to promote conservation of bats and their integration as biocontrols in agroecosystems in Chile.
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    Diversity and singularity of the avifauna in the austral peat bogs of the Cape Horn biosphere reserve, Chile.
    (2010) Ibarra, José Tomás; Anderson, Christopher B.; Altamirano, Tomás A.; Rozzi, Ricardo; Bonacic, Cristián
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    Semi-desert fruit farms harbor more native flora than Mediterranean climate farms in central Chile
    (2021) Muñoz, Alejandra E. ; Amouroux, Paul ; Arcos, Nicolás ; Bonacic, Cristián
    Understanding the factors that affect native plant communities is essential to protect floristic diversity, particularly in Mediterranean agroecosystems. The Chilean Mediterranean- climate area supports high species richness and levels of endemism, and harbors the main fruit production. We investigated whether the richness of native and non-native flora differs between two Mediterranean climate areas of Chile with contrasting rainfall levels in both cultivated and uncultivated habitats. Thirteen fruit farms under conventional management were prospected in the spring of 2015 and of 2016 by sampling in square meter quadrants (N = 3,630). A total of 191 vascular plants were found, 48.2 % of them native, 50.3 % non-native and 1.6 % not identified. Species richness was low in both areas and habitat types. However, there were more native species in uncultivated habitats in the Mediterranean-to-desert transition area than in the mesic Mediterranean area, and the contrary was observed for non-native species. Our results suggest that wetter Mediterranean climate areas are more prone to the establishment of non-native plant species.