Browsing by Author "Behrman, Jere R."

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Birth seasons and heights among girls and boys below 12 years of age: lasting effects and catch-up growth among native Amazonians in Bolivia
    (2018) Brabec, Marek; Behrman, Jere R.; Emmett, Susan D.; Gibson, Edward; Kidd, Celeste; Leonard, William; Penny, Mary E.; Piantadosi, Steven T.; Sharma, Abhishek; Tanner, Susan; Undurraga Fourcade, Eduardo Andrés; Godoy, Ricardo A.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Changes in adult well-being and economic inequalities: An exploratory observational longitudinal study (2002-2010) of micro-level trends among Tsimane', a small-scale rural society of Indigenous People in the Bolivian Amazon
    (2024) Godoy, Ricardo; Bauchet, Jonathan; Behrman, Jere R.; Huanca, Tomas; Leonard, William R.; Reyes-Garcia, Victoria; Rosinger, Asher; Tanner, Susan; Undurraga, Eduardo A.; Zycherman, Ariela
    Knowing what happens over time to the lifeways of people in contemporary small-scale non-industrial societies of the rural Global South matters because it helps assess changes in the quality of life of underrepresented groups. It has been hard to answer the question because longitudinal information is rarely collected in such settings. A longitudinal dataset of nine years (2002-2010) from a horticultural-foraging society of Indigenous People in the Bolivian Amazon (Tsimane') is used for an exploratory analysis of micro-level trends in indicators of well-being and economic inequalities. We selected 13 Tsimane' villages (from - 100) that varied in proximity to town and surveyed all households in each village. - 240 households were followed yearly to estimate trends of 21 outcomes (e.g., income, sociality, macronutrients). For each economic outcome, annual and all-years-combined Gini coefficients were estimated for the entire sample across the 13 villages. We show a rise in total asset wealth, a change in asset composition (less traditional wealth, more commercial wealth), higher monetary value of foods eaten, and better-perceived health, but a decline in caloric and protein consumption and no marked gender differences in objective or hedonic measures of well-being. Economic inequalities were non-trivial and showed no marked trend but varied between years; asset inequality varied less than income inequality. We document the value of longitudinal, locally grounded indexes of well-being to obtain a granular view of micro-level changes in well-being and the possible use of inequality in the consumption of calories and macronutrients as a valid proxy for income inequality in rural areas of the Global South with tenuous links to the market economy.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Child stunting is associated with weaker human capital among native Amazonians
    (2018) Undurraga Fourcade, Eduardo Andrés; Behrman, Jere R.; Emmett, Susan D.; Kidd, Celeste; Leonard, William R.; Piantadosi, Steven T.; Reyes-Garcia, Victoria; Sharma, Abhishek; Zhang, Rebecca; Godoy, Ricardo A.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Conditional cash transfers for primary education: Which children are left out?
    (2018) Bauchet, Jonathan; Undurraga Fourcade, Eduardo Andrés; Reyes-Garcia, Victoria; Behrman, Jere R.; Godoy, Ricardo A.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Hospital nurse staffing and patient outcomes in Chile: a multilevel cross-sectional study
    (2021) Aiken, Linda H.; Simonetti, Marta; Sloane, Douglas M.; Ceron, Consuelo; Soto, Paz; Bravo, David; Galiano, Alejandra; Behrman, Jere R.; Smith, Herbert L.; McHugh, Matthew D.; Lake, Eileen T.
    Background Unrest in Chile over inequalities has underscored the need to improve public hospitals. Nursing has been overlooked as a solution to quality and access concerns, and nurse staffing is poor by international standards. Using Chile's new diagnosis-related groups system and surveys of nurses and patients, we provide information to policy makers on feasibility, net costs, and estimated improved outcomes associated with increasing nursing resources in public hospitals. Methods For this multilevel cross-sectional study, we used data from surveys of hospital nurses to measure staffing and work environments in public and private Chilean adult high-complexity hospitals, which were linked with patient satisfaction survey and discharge data from the national diagnosis-related groups database for inpatients. All adult patients on medical and surgical units whose conditions permitted and who had been hospitalised for more than 48 h were invited to participate in the patient experience survey until 50 responses were obtained in each hospital. We estimated associations between nurse staffing and work environment quality with inpatient 30-day mortality, 30-day readmission, length of stay (LOS), patient experience, and care quality using multilevel random-effects logistic regression models and zero-truncated negative binomial regression models, with clustering of patients within hospitals. Findings We collected and analysed surveys of 1652 hospital nurses from 40 hospitals (34 public and six private), satisfaction surveys of 2013 patients, and discharge data for 761 948 inpatients. Nurse staffing was significantly related to all outcomes, including mortality, after adjusting for patient characteristics, and the work environment was related to patient experience and nurses' quality assessments. Each patient added to nurses' workloads increased mortality (odds ratio 1middot04, 95% CI 1middot01-1middot07, p<0middot01), readmissions (1middot02, 1middot01-1middot03, p<0middot01), and LOS (incident rate ratio 1middot04, 95% CI 1middot01-1middot06, p<0middot05). Nurse workloads across hospitals varied from six to 24 patients per nurse. Patients in hospitals with 18 patients per nurse, compared with those in hospitals with eight patients per nurse, had 41% higher odds of dying, 20% higher odds of being readmitted, 41% higher odds of staying longer, and 68% lower odds of rating their hospital highly. We estimated that savings from reduced readmissions and shorter stays would exceed the costs of adding nurses by US$1middot2 million and $5middot4 million if the additional nurses resulted in average workloads of 12 or ten patients per nurse, respectively. Interpretation Improved hospital nurse staffing in Chile was associated with lower inpatient mortality, higher patient satisfaction, fewer readmissions, and shorter hospital stays, suggesting that greater investments in nurses could return higher quality of care and greater value.