Browsing by Author "Barton, Jonathan"

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    Global economic imperatives, crisis generation and local spaces of engagement in the Chilean aquaculture industry
    (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2010) Floysand, Arnt; Haarstad, Havard; Barton, Jonathan
    The authors use the 2007 ISA virus outbreak in Chilean salmon aquaculture, coupled with insights from post-structural political ecology, as an opportunity to examine the institutional architecture and discursive hegemony of particular production strategies that silenced local experiences with the industry in favour of continuing exploitation. The authors argue that the case makes visible some of the generally relevant processes in which the generation of the crisis takes place within governance structures that involve few spaces of engagement for local actors to influence and participate in decision-making. Municipalities have few opportunities to shape the development of an industry with significant socio-economic impacts on their jurisdictions. Finally, the authors show how the crisis opens spaces of engagement for local actors and argue that sustainable governance of aquaculture depends on such spaces through which critical perspectives and warning signs can be communicated and negotiated, and through which local entrepreneurs can enter the value chain.
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    The construction and appropiation of cultural landscapes: a historical political ecology of Wallmapu/Araucania, Chile
    (UNIV BARCELONA, DEPT GEOGRAFIA HUMANA, 2020) Ulloa, Miguel Escalona; Barton, Jonathan; CEDEUS (Chile)
    The Wallmapu territory, since its incorporation into the Republic of Chile as the Region of Araucania, has been subject to significant territorial transformations. This article uses the perspective of historical political ecology to understand how the construction of cultural landscapes became a device for exercising hegemonic power. These landscapes of power evolved over time as different demands were established in this territory: first as the 'Wheat bowl' at the end of the nineteenth century and then the 'Green Gold' forestry plantations during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Both landscapes facilitated a dominant common sense of modernity, progress and development in Wallmapu/Araucania, that has contributed to the ongoing State-Mapuche people conflict.
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    Urban restructuring of globalized territories: A charaterization of the organic growth of the cities of Chiloe, 1979-2008
    (PONTIFICA UNIV CATOLICA CHILE, INST GEOGRAFIA, 2013) Barton, Jonathan; Pozo, Ricardo; Roman, Alvaro; Salazar, Alejandro; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Chiloe archipelago has experienced profound socio-spatial changes since the early 1980s. The localization and progressive consolidation of the salmon industry changed the velocity and composition of the urbanization process in the province, generating new forms of spatial occupation. This can be seen in a new urban typology characterized by nine forms of occupation. This typology emerges from an analysis of the morphological evolution of five cities using GIS. The article concludes that the insertion of small and medium size cities in circuits, or networks of global capital takes place at a high velocity, leaving urban planning, a public function, behind. Consequently, urban planning ends up as an instrument of recognition of organic urban growth and not of regulation and growth orientation. This situation of differentiated velocities generates disequilibria that negatively