Browsing by Author "Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot"
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- ItemAdverse childhood experiences and suicidal ideation among immigrants in Santiago, Chile(Cambridge Univ. Press, 2021) Errazuriz Concha, Antonia; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Morales, S.; Pino, R.Introduction: Understanding suicidal ideation and its association with childhood adversity is crucial for preventing suicide. Although the “healthy immigrant effect”, whereby immigrants are healthier than the native-born population, has been well documented across studies, little research has examined the presence of such effect on lifetime suicidal ideation (LSI) and its association to early adversity.Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of LSI between the immigrant and native-born population in Chile and explore the association between childhood adversity and suicidal ideation in immigrants.Methods:Data from two cross-sectional health surveys: the Santiago Immigrant Wellbeing Study (STRING, n=1,091; 2019) and the Chilean National Health Survey (ENS2016, n=3,432) were used. Each study used multistage probability sampling and estimates were weighted to approximate the distribution of demographic variables in each population. Outcomes included LSI measured by WHO-CIDI and an adapted version of the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was employed.Results:indicated that immigrants were less likely to report LSI compared with the native-born population. Moreover, male and female immigrants had lower risk of having SI than native-born counterparts. After controlling for socioeconomic status, social support, and health conditions, childhood adversities predicted an increased risk of LSI in immigrants. No gender differences were found in the effects of childhood adversity on suicidal thoughts.Conclusions: Findings confirm the presence of a healthy immigrant effect in LSI and support a life course perspective, highlighting the importance of assessing early life disadvantages to understand suicidal ideation among immigrants.
- ItemEducación interprofesional en salud a través de la metodología de aprendizaje-servicio en estudiantes de primer año(2021) Lucero González, Nayadet-Noelia; Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Sepúlveda Maulén, José; Calvo Sánchez, María Fernanda; Espinosa Repenning, Alejandra; Villagrán Gutiérrez, Ignacio AndrésIntroducción: el presente artículo describe la implementación de la educación interprofesional en estudiantes de primer año de tres carreras del departamento de ciencias de la salud de la Universidad Católica (UC) a través de la metodología de aprendizaje servicio, durante la pandemia COVID-19, con el fin de promover habilidades transversales y fortalecer aprendizajes vinculados a diferentes realidades sociales en futuros profesionales. Método: la metodología de esta investigación es de carácter mixta concurrente con predominancia cuantitativa, de secuencia transversal y alcance descriptivo. Consiste en una encuesta, voluntaria y anónima, compuesta por preguntas abiertas y de escala Likert, aplicada a 239 estudiantes de las carreras de terapia ocupacional, kinesiología y nutrición durante el primer semestre de 2021. Resultados: la percepción de estudiantes sobre la metodología de aprendizaje-servicio interdisciplinario, a pesar de la modalidad virtual dada por la pandemia, es positiva, ya que se acepta su coherencia e integración con los aprendizajes y objetivos de la asignatura; y se reconoce como un aporte a la reflexión, al igual que de servicio tanto a la comunidad como a la sociedad desde la formación profesional. De forma similar, los estudiantes informan el cumplimiento del desarrollo de habilidades transversales y se identifican elementos de mejora. Discusiones: El proyecto de interdisciplina implementados por docentes UC a estudiantes de primer año cumple con la metodología y los objetivos principales de aprendizaje-servicio y se valora la oportunidad de aprender con estudiantes de otras disciplinas, lo cual hace imperativo mejorar la coordinación y comunicación entre equipos docentes para potenciar más instancias de este carácter.
- ItemRelation between sleep disorders and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in children and adolescents: A systematic review(2023) Arias-Mera, Claudio; Paillama-Raimán, Daniel; Lucero González, Nayadet-Noelia; Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo; Avello Sáez, Daniela MargotBackground: Sleep problems have a high recurrence in children and adolescents with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADHD) experience high rates of sleep problems. Objective: Understand the relationship between sleep disorders and ADHD symptoms. Methods and procedures: A systematic review was performed using electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Lilacs, and Psychology Database (ProQuest) systems. The quality of each article was assessed using a 5-criteria checklist, measuring relevant dimensions. Outcomes and results: The review analyzed fifteen articles, were included that raised the realizations among sleep problems in the population of children with ADHD, obtaining a total of 1645 children and adolescents with ADHD that were compared with typical development groups. The articles selected for this systematic review of observational design have a high quality. Conclusions and implications: Children and adolescents with ADHD have sleep problems, which may exacerbate or be the cause of the ADHD clinic, affecting the quality of life of children and their families. Early inquiry and a timely approach can contribute to reducing the severity of ADHD symptoms.
- ItemWhat Competencies Does a Community Occupational Therapist Need in Neurorehabilitation? Qualitative Perspectives(2022) Avello Sáez, Daniela Margot; Lucero González, Nayadet-Noelia; Helbig Soto, Fabiola; Fernández Martínez, María del MarMore than three million people in Chile suffer from neurological conditions, and many of these become permanent users of health services with a community approach. In this way, disciplinary competencies in this area are relevant. We seek to characterize the competencies for community occupational therapy intervention in neurorehabilitation. Using a qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with eighteen professionals and were analyzed using content analysis. The main results are associated with the competencies of knowledge associated with theoretical biomedical and community elements. Skills range from health evaluation and intervention on micro- and macrosocial levels. Attitude is also an important skill, stemming from personal and relational spheres. These findings suggest that interventions are essentially on a personal and microsocial level, focusing first on pathology and treatment, and later comprehending the interactions with a patient’s close social environment, such as family, schoolmates, and workmates and their physical environment at home, school, and the workplace. Although the final objective of community intervention is present in the discourse as being able to generate structural changes that favor well-being and social inclusion, concrete competencies are not appreciated on a macrosocial level.