Browsing by Author "Alazraqui, Marcio"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    A Novel International Partnership for Actionable Evidence on Urban Health in Latin America: LAC-Urban Health and SALURBAL
    (2019) Diez Roux, Ana V.; Slesinski, S. Claire; Alazraqui, Marcio; Teixeira Caiaffa, Waleska; Frenz, Patricia; Jordán Fuch, Ricardo; Miranda, J. Jaime; Rodríguez, Daniel A.; Sarmiento Dueña, Olga L.; Siri, José; Vives Vergara, Alejandra
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    Assessing cohesion and diversity in the collaboration network of the SALURBAL project
    (2023) Baquero, Sofia; Montes, Felipe; Stankov, Ivana; Sarmiento, Olga L.; Medina, Pablo; Slesinski, S. Claire; Diez-Canseco, Francisco; Kroker-Lobos, Maria F.; Teixeira, Waleska; Vives Vergara, Alejandra; Alazraqui, Marcio; Barrientos-Gutierrez, Tonatiuh; Diez Roux, Ana V.; CEDEUS (Chile)
    The SALURBAL (Urban Health in Latin America) Project is an interdisciplinary multinational network aimed at generating and disseminating actionable evidence on the drivers of health in cities of Latin America. We conducted a temporal multilayer network analysis where we measured cohesion over time using network structural properties and assessed diversity within and between different project activities according to participant attributes. Between 2017 and 2020 the SALURBAL network comprised 395 participants across 26 countries, 23 disciplines, and 181 institutions. While the cohesion of the SALURBAL network fluctuated over time, overall, an increase was observed from the first to the last time point of our analysis (clustering coefficient increased [0.83-0.91] and shortest path decreased [1.70-1.68]). SALURBAL also exhibited balanced overall diversity within project activities (0.5-0.6) by designing activities for different purposes such as capacity building, team-building, research, and dissemination. The network's growth was facilitated by the creation of new diverse collaborations across a range of activities over time, while maintaining the diversity of existing collaborations (0.69-0.75 between activity diversity depending on the attribute). The SALURBAL experience can serve as an example for multinational research projects aiming to build cohesive networks while leveraging heterogeneity in countries, disciplines, career stage, and across sectors.
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    Building a Data Platform for Cross-Country Urban Health Studies: the SALURBAL Study
    (2019) Diez Roux, Ana V.; Bilal, Usama; Moore, Karia; Ortigoza, Ana; Rodriguez, Daniel A.; Sarmiento, Olga; Frenz, Patriciae; Friche, Amélia Augustaf; Caiaffa, Waleska Teixeiraf; Vives, Alejandrag; Miranda, J. Jaimeh; Alazraqui, Marcio; Spinelli, Hugoi; Guevel, Carlosi; Di Cecco, Vanessai; Tisnés, Adelai; Leveau, Carlos; Santoro, Adrián; Vives Vergara, Alejandra
    Studies examining urban health and the environment must ensure comparability of measures across cities and countries. We describe a data platform and process that integrates health outcomes together with physical and social environment data to examine multilevel aspects of health across cities in 11 Latin American countries. We used two complementary sources to identify cities with 100,000 inhabitants as of 2010 in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Peru. We defined cities in three ways: administratively, quantitatively from satellite imagery, and based on country-defined metropolitan areas. In addition to cities, we identified sub-city units and smaller neighborhoods within them using census hierarchies. Selected physical environment (e.g., urban form, air pollution and transport) and social environment (e.g., income, education, safety) data were compiled for cities, sub-city units, and neighborhoods whenever possible using a range of sources. Harmonized mortality and health survey data were linked to city and sub-city units. Finer georeferencing is underway. We identified 371 cities and 1436 sub-city units in the 11 countries. The median city population was 234,553 inhabitants (IQR 141,942; 500,398). The systematic organization of cities, the initial task of this platform, was accomplished and further ongoing developments include the harmonization of mortality and survey measures using available sources for between country comparisons. A range of physical and social environment indicators can be created using available data. The flexible multilevel data structure accommodates heterogeneity in the data available and allows for varied multilevel research questions related to the associations of physical and social environment variables with variability in health outcomes within and across cities. The creation of such data platforms holds great promise to support researching with greater granularity the field of urban health in Latin America as well as serving as a resource for the evaluation of policies oriented to improve the health and environmental sustainability of cities.
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    Inequalities in life expectancy in six large Latin American cities from the SALURBAL study: an ecological analysis
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2019) Bilal, Usama; Alazraqui, Marcio; Caiaffa, Waleska T.; Lopez Olmedo, Nancy; Martinez Folgar, Kevin; Miranda, J. Jaime; Rodriguez, Daniel A.; Vives, Alejandra; Diez Roux, Ana V.; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Background Latin America is one of the most unequal regions in the world, but evidence is lacking on the magnitude of health inequalities in urban areas of the region. Our objective was to examine inequalities in life expectancy in six large Latin American cities and its association with a measure of area-level socioeconomic status.
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    Using community-based system dynamics modeling to understand the complex systems that influence health in cities: The SALURBAL study
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2019) Langellier, Brent A.; Kuhlberg, Jill A.; Ballard, Ellis A.; Slesinski, S. Claire; Stankov, Ivana; Gouveia, Nelson; Meisel, Jose D.; Kroker Lobos, Maria F.; Sarmiento, Olga L.; Caiaffa, Waleska Teixeira; Roux, Ana V. Diez; Alazraqui, Marcio; Spinelli, Hugo; Guevel, Carlos; Di Cecco, Vanessa; Tisnes, Adela; Leveau, Carlos; Santoro, Adrian; Herkovits, Damian; Gouveia, Nelson; Barreto, Mauricio; Santos, Gervasio; Cardoso, Leticia; de Menezes, Mariana Carvalho; de Pina, Maria de Fatima; Caiaffa, Waleska Teixeira; de Lima Friche, Amelia Augusta; de Souza Andrade, Amanda Cristina; Frenz, Patricia; Alfaro, Tania; Cordova, Cynthia; Ruiz, Pablo; Fuentes, Mauricio; Vives Vergara, Alejandra; Salazar, Alejandro; Cortinez O'Ryan, Andrea; Schmitt, Cristian; Gonzalez, Francisca; Baeza, Fernando; Angelini, Flavia; Sarmiento Duenas, Olga Lucia; Higuera, Diana; Gonzalez, Catalina; Montes, Felipe; Useche, Andres F.; Guaje, Oscar; Maria Jaramillo, Ana; Angel Guzman, Luis; Hessel, Philipp; Lucumi, Diego; David Meisel, Jose; Martinez, Eliana; Kroker Lobos, Maria F.; Ramirez Zea, Manuel; Martinez Folgar, Kevin; Barrientos Gutierrez, Tonatiuh; Perez Ferrer, Carolina; Prado Galbarro, Javier; de Castro, Filipa; Rojas Martinez, Rosalba; Jaime Miranda, J.; Hernandez Vasquez, Akram; Diez Canseco, Francisco; Hammond, Ross; Rodriguez, Daniel; Dronova, Iryna; Wang, Xize; Moran, Mika; Hovmand, Peter; Fuchs, Ricardo Jordan; Braslow, Juliet; Siri, Jose; Roux, Ana Diez; Auchincloss, Amy; Bilal, Usama; Garcia Espana, Felipe; Langellier, Brent; Lovasi, Gina; McClure, Leslie; Michael, Yvonne; Moore, Kari; Quick, Harrison; Quistberg, D. Alex; Sanchez, Brisa N.; Stankov, Ivana; Granados, Jose Tapia; SALURBAL Grp
    We discuss the design, implementation, and results of a collaborative process designed to elucidate the complex systems that drive food behaviors, transport, and health in Latin American cities and to build capacity for systems thinking and community-based system dynamics (CBSD) methods among diverse research team members and stakeholders. During three CB SD workshops, 62 stakeholders from 10 Latin American countries identified 98 variables and a series of feedback loops that shape food behaviors, transportation and health, along with 52 policy levers. Our findings suggest that CBSD can engage local stakeholders, help them view problems through the lens of complex systems and use their insights to prioritize research efforts and identify novel solutions that consider mechanisms of complexity.