Reduced Immune Response to Inactivated Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine in a Cohort of Immunocompromised Patients in Chile
link https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciac167account_box Balcells Marty, María Elviraaccount_box Le Corre Pérez, Monique Nicoleaccount_box Durán Santa Cruz, Josefina Graciaaccount_box Ceballos Valdivielso, María Elena Andreaaccount_box Vizcaya Altamirano, María Ceciliaaccount_box Mondaca Contreras, Sebastián Patricioaccount_box Dib Marambio, Martin Javieraccount_box Rabagliati Borie, Ricardo Miguelaccount_box Sarmiento Maldonado, Mauricioaccount_box Burgos Cañete, Paula Isabelaccount_box Espinoza Sepúlveda, Manuel Antonioaccount_box Ferres Garrido, Marcela Vivianaaccount_box Martínez Valdebenito, Constanza Pamelaaccount_box Ruiz-Tagle Seguel, Cinthya Graceaccount_box Ortiz Koh, Catalina Alejandraaccount_box Ross Pérez, Patricio Danielaccount_box Budnik Bitran, Sigallaccount_box Solari Gajardo, Sandraaccount_box Vizcaya Vergara, María De Los Ángelesaccount_box Lembach, Hannsaccount_box Berríos Rojas, Roslyeaccount_box Melo González, Felipeaccount_box Rios Raggio, Marianaaccount_box Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikesaccount_box Bueno Ramírez, Susan Marcelaaccount_box Nervi Nattero, Bruno
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Background Inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have been widely implemented in low- and middle-income countries. However, immunogenicity in immunocompromised patients has not been established. Herein, we aimed to evaluate immune response to CoronaVac vaccine in these patients. Methods This prospective cohort study included 193 participants with 5 different immunocompromising conditions and 67 controls, receiving 2 doses of CoronaVac 8-12 weeks before enrollment. The study was conducted between May and August 2021, at Red de Salud UC-CHRISTUS, Santiago, Chile. Neutralizing antibody (NAb) positivity, total anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibody (TAb) concentrations, and T-cell responses were determined. Results NAb positivity and median neutralizing activity were 83.1% and 51.2% for the control group versus 20.6% and 5.7% (both P < .001) in the solid organ transplant group, 41.5% and 19.2% (both P < .0001) in the autoimmune rheumatic diseases group, 43.3% (P < .001) and 21.4% (PP = .001) in the cancer with solid tumors group, 45.5% and 28.7% (both P < .001) in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection group, 64.3% and 56.6% (both differences not significant) in the hematopoietic stem cell transplant group, respectively. TAb seropositivity was also lower for the solid organ transplant (20.6%; P < .0001), rheumatic diseases (61%; P < .001), and HIV groups (70.9%; P = .003), compared with the control group (92.3%). On the other hand, the number of interferon gamma spot-forming T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 tended to be lower in all immunocompromising conditions but did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusions Diverse immunocompromising conditions markedly reduce the humoral response to CoronaVac vaccine. These findings suggest that a boosting vaccination strategy should be considered in these vulnerable patients.
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| Autor | Balcells Marty, María Elvira Le Corre Pérez, Monique Nicole Durán Santa Cruz, Josefina Gracia Ceballos Valdivielso, María Elena Andrea Vizcaya Altamirano, María Cecilia Mondaca Contreras, Sebastián Patricio Dib Marambio, Martin Javier Rabagliati Borie, Ricardo Miguel Sarmiento Maldonado, Mauricio Burgos Cañete, Paula Isabel Espinoza Sepúlveda, Manuel Antonio Ferres Garrido, Marcela Viviana Martínez Valdebenito, Constanza Pamela Ruiz-Tagle Seguel, Cinthya Grace Ortiz Koh, Catalina Alejandra Ross Pérez, Patricio Daniel Budnik Bitran, Sigall Solari Gajardo, Sandra Vizcaya Vergara, María De Los Ángeles Lembach, Hanns Berríos Rojas, Roslye Melo González, Felipe Rios Raggio, Mariana Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes Bueno Ramírez, Susan Marcela Nervi Nattero, Bruno |
| Título | Reduced Immune Response to Inactivated Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine in a Cohort of Immunocompromised Patients in Chile |
| ISSN | 1058-4838 |
| ISSN electrónico | 1537-6591 |
| Fecha de publicación | 2022 |
| Resumen | Background Inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have been widely implemented in low- and middle-income countries. However, immunogenicity in immunocompromised patients has not been established. Herein, we aimed to evaluate immune response to CoronaVac vaccine in these patients. Methods This prospective cohort study included 193 participants with 5 different immunocompromising conditions and 67 controls, receiving 2 doses of CoronaVac 8-12 weeks before enrollment. The study was conducted between May and August 2021, at Red de Salud UC-CHRISTUS, Santiago, Chile. Neutralizing antibody (NAb) positivity, total anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibody (TAb) concentrations, and T-cell responses were determined. Results NAb positivity and median neutralizing activity were 83.1% and 51.2% for the control group versus 20.6% and 5.7% (both P < .001) in the solid organ transplant group, 41.5% and 19.2% (both P < .0001) in the autoimmune rheumatic diseases group, 43.3% (P < .001) and 21.4% (PP = .001) in the cancer with solid tumors group, 45.5% and 28.7% (both P < .001) in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection group, 64.3% and 56.6% (both differences not significant) in the hematopoietic stem cell transplant group, respectively. TAb seropositivity was also lower for the solid organ transplant (20.6%; P < .0001), rheumatic diseases (61%; P < .001), and HIV groups (70.9%; P = .003), compared with the control group (92.3%). On the other hand, the number of interferon gamma spot-forming T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 tended to be lower in all immunocompromising conditions but did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusions Diverse immunocompromising conditions markedly reduce the humoral response to CoronaVac vaccine. These findings suggest that a boosting vaccination strategy should be considered in these vulnerable patients. We assessed the immune response to a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 vaccine in immunocompromised patients. Humoral response in these patients was markedly reduced versus controls. We propose alternative vaccination schemes and/or the application of vaccine boosters in these patients.. |
| Derechos | acceso restringido |
| DOI | 10.1093/cid/ciac167 |
| Editorial | Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America |
| Enlace | |
| Id de publicación en WoS | WOS:000796643900001 |
| Palabra clave | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 CoronaVac Inactivated vaccine Immunocompromised patient |
| Tema ODS | 03 Good Health and Well-being |
| Tema ODS español | 03 Salud y bienestar |
| Temática | Medicina y salud |
| Tipo de documento | artículo |