Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants
link https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/101473account_box Di Cesare, Mariachiaraaccount_box Bentham, Jamesaccount_box Stevens, Gretchen A.account_box Zhou, Binaccount_box Danaei, Goodarzaccount_box Lu, Yuanaccount_box Bixby, Honoraccount_box Cowan, Melanie J.account_box Riley, Leanne M.account_box Hajifathalian, Kavehaccount_box Fortunato, Leaaccount_box Taddei, Cristinaaccount_box Bennett, James E.account_box Ikeda, Nayuaccount_box Khang, Young-Hoaccount_box Kyobutungi, Catherineaccount_box Laxmaiah, Avulaaccount_box Li, Yanpingaccount_box Lin, Hsien-Hoaccount_box Miranda, J. Jaimeaccount_box Mostafa, Ayaaccount_box Turley, Maria L.account_box Paciorek, Christopher J.account_box Gunter, Marcaccount_box Ezzati, Majidaccount_box Abdeen, Ziad A.account_box Hamid, Zargar Abdulaccount_box Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.account_box Acosta-Cazares, Benjaminaccount_box Adams, Robertaccount_box Aekplakorn, Wichaiaccount_box Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.account_box Ahmadvand, Alirezaaccount_box Ahrens, Wolfgangaccount_box Ali, Mohamed M.account_box Alkerwi, Ala'aaccount_box Alvarez-Pedrerol, Maraccount_box Aly, Emanaccount_box Amouyel, Philippeaccount_box Amuzu, Antoinetteaccount_box Andersen, Lars Boaccount_box Anderssen, Sigmund A.account_box Andrade, Dolores S.account_box Anjana, Ranjit Mohanaccount_box Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajeraccount_box Ariansen, Ingeraccount_box Aris, Tahiraccount_box Arlappa, Nimmathotaaccount_box Arveiler, Dominiqueaccount_box Assah, Felix K.account_box Avdicova, Mariaaccount_box Azizi, Fereidounaccount_box Babu, Bontha V.account_box Balakrishna, Nagallaaccount_box Bandosz, Piotraccount_box Banegas, Jose R.account_box Barbagallo, Carlo M.account_box Barcelo, Albertoaccount_box Barkat, Aminaaccount_box Barros, Mauro V.account_box Bata, Iqbalaccount_box Batieha, Anwar M.account_box Batista, Rosangela L.account_box Baur, Louise A.account_box Beaglehole, Robertaccount_box Ben Romdhane, Habibaaccount_box Benet, Mikhailaccount_box Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonioaccount_box Bernotiene, Gailuteaccount_box Bettiol, Heloisaaccount_box Bhagyalaxmi, Arooraccount_box Bharadwaj, Sumitaccount_box Bhargava, Santosh K.account_box Bhatti, Zaidaccount_box Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.account_box Bi, HongShengaccount_box Bi, Yufangaccount_box Bjerregaard, Peteraccount_box Bjertness, Espenaccount_box Bjertness, Marius B.account_box Bjorkelund, Ceciliaaccount_box Blake, Margaretaccount_box Blokstra, Annekeaccount_box Bo, Simonaaccount_box Bobak, Martinaccount_box Boddy, Lynne M.account_box Boehm, Bernhard O.account_box Boeing, Heineraccount_box Boissonnet, Carlos P.account_box Bongard, Vaninaaccount_box Bovet, Pascalaccount_box Braeckman, Lutgartaccount_box Bragt, Marjolijn C. E.account_box Brajkovich, Imperiaaccount_box Branca, Francescoaccount_box Breckenkamp, Juergenaccount_box Brenner, Hermannaccount_box Brewster, Lizzy M.account_box Brian, Garry R.account_box Bruno, Graziellaaccount_box Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. 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Background Underweight and severe and morbid obesity are associated with highly elevated risks of adverse health outcomes. We estimated trends in mean body-mass index (BMI), which characterises its population distribution, and in the prevalences of a complete set of BMI categories for adults in all countries.
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| Autor | Di Cesare, Mariachiara Bentham, James Stevens, Gretchen A. Zhou, Bin Danaei, Goodarz Lu, Yuan Bixby, Honor Cowan, Melanie J. Riley, Leanne M. Hajifathalian, Kaveh Fortunato, Lea Taddei, Cristina Bennett, James E. Ikeda, Nayu Khang, Young-Ho Kyobutungi, Catherine Laxmaiah, Avula Li, Yanping Lin, Hsien-Ho Miranda, J. Jaime Mostafa, Aya Turley, Maria L. Paciorek, Christopher J. Gunter, Marc Ezzati, Majid Abdeen, Ziad A. Hamid, Zargar Abdul Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin Adams, Robert Aekplakorn, Wichai Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A. Ahmadvand, Alireza Ahrens, Wolfgang Ali, Mohamed M. Alkerwi, Ala'a Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar Aly, Eman Amouyel, Philippe Amuzu, Antoinette Andersen, Lars Bo Anderssen, Sigmund A. Andrade, Dolores S. Anjana, Ranjit Mohan Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer Ariansen, Inger Aris, Tahir Arlappa, Nimmathota Arveiler, Dominique Assah, Felix K. Avdicova, Maria Azizi, Fereidoun Babu, Bontha V. Balakrishna, Nagalla Bandosz, Piotr Banegas, Jose R. Barbagallo, Carlo M. Barcelo, Alberto Barkat, Amina Barros, Mauro V. Bata, Iqbal Batieha, Anwar M. Batista, Rosangela L. Baur, Louise A. Beaglehole, Robert Ben Romdhane, Habiba Benet, Mikhail Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio Bernotiene, Gailute Bettiol, Heloisa Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor Bharadwaj, Sumit Bhargava, Santosh K. Bhatti, Zaid Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bi, HongSheng Bi, Yufang Bjerregaard, Peter Bjertness, Espen Bjertness, Marius B. Bjorkelund, Cecilia Blake, Margaret Blokstra, Anneke Bo, Simona Bobak, Martin Boddy, Lynne M. Boehm, Bernhard O. Boeing, Heiner Boissonnet, Carlos P. Bongard, Vanina Bovet, Pascal Braeckman, Lutgart Bragt, Marjolijn C. E. Brajkovich, Imperia Branca, Francesco Breckenkamp, Juergen Brenner, Hermann Brewster, Lizzy M. Brian, Garry R. Bruno, Graziella Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as) Bugge, Anna Burns, Con Cabrera de Leon, Antonio Cacciottolo, Joseph Cama, Tilema Cameron, Christine Camolas, Jose Can, Gunay Candido, Ana Paula C. Capuano, Vincenzo Cardoso, Viviane C. Carvalho, Maria J. Casanueva, Felipe F. Casas, Juan-Pablo Caserta, Carmelo A. Castetbon, Katia Chamukuttan, Snehalatha Chan, Angelique W. Chan, Queenie Chaturvedi, Himanshu K. Chaturvedi, Nishi Chen, Chien-Jen Chen, Fangfang Chen, Huashuai Chen, Shuohua Chen, Zhengming Cheng, Ching-Yu Chetrit, Angela Chiolero, Arnaud Chiou, Shu-Ti Chirita-Emandi, Adela Cho, Yumi Christensen, Kaare Chudek, Jerzy Cifkova, Renata Claessens, Frank Clays, Els Concin, Hans Cooper, Cyrus Cooper, Rachel Coppinger, Tara C. Costanzo, Simona Cottel, Dominique Cowell, Chris Craig, Cora L. Crujeiras, Ana B. D'Arrigo, Graziella d'Orsi, Eleonora Dallongeville, Jean Damasceno, Albertino Damsgaard, Camilla T. Danaei, Goodarz Dankner, Rachel Dauchet, Luc De Backer, Guy De Bacquer, Dirk de Gaetano, Giovanni De Henauw, Stefaan De Smedt, Delphine Deepa, Mohan Deev, Alexander D. Dehghan, Abbas Delisle, Helene Delpeuch, Francis Dhana, Klodian Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F. Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares Diaz, Alejandro Djalalinia, Shirin Do, Ha T. P. Dobson, Annette J. Donfrancesco, Chiara Doering, Angela Doua, Kouamelan Drygas, Wojciech Egbagbe, Eruke E. Eggertsen, Robert Ekelund, Ulf El Ati, Jalila Elliott, Paul Engle-Stone, Reina Erasmus, Rajiv T. Erem, Cihangir Eriksen, Louise Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge Evans, Alun Faeh, David Fall, Caroline H. Farzadfar, Farshad Felix-Redondo, Francisco J. Ferguson, Trevor S. Fernandez-Berges, Daniel Ferrante, Daniel Ferrari, Marika Ferreccio, Catterina Ferrieres, Jean Finn, Joseph D. Fischer, Krista Monterubio Flores, Eric Foeger, Bernhard Foo, Leng Huat Forslund, Ann-Sofie Fortmann, Stephen P. Fouad, Heba M. Francis, Damian K. Franco, Maria do Carmo Franco, Oscar H. Frontera, Guillermo Fuchs, Flavio D. Fuchs, Sandra C. Fujita, Yuki Furusawa, Takuro Gaciong, Zbigniew Gafencu, Mihai Gareta, Dickman Garnett, Sarah P. Gaspoz, Jean-Michel Gasull, Magda Gates, Louise Geleijnse, Johanna M. Ghasemian, Anoosheh Giampaoli, Simona Gianfagna, Francesco Giovannelli, Jonathan Giwercman, Aleksander Goldsmith, Rebecca A. Gonzalez Gross, Marcela Gonzalez Rivas, Juan P. Bonet Gorbea, Mariano Gottrand, Frederic -Iversen, Sidsel Graff Grafnetter, Dusan Grajda, Aneta Grammatikopoulou, Maria G. Gregor, Ronald D. Grodzicki, Tomasz Grontved, Anders Gruden, Grabriella Grujic, Vera Gu, Dongfeng Guan, Ong Peng Gudnason, Vilmundur Guerrero, Ramiro Guessous, Idris Guimaraes, Andre L. Gulliford, Martin C. Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna Gunter, Marc Guo, Xiu H. Guo, Yin Gupta, Prakash C. Gureje, Oye Gurzkowska, Beata Gutierrez, Laura Gutzwiller, Felix Halkjaer, Jytte Hardy, Rebecca Kumar, Rachakulla Hari Hayes, Alison J. He, Jiang Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth Hernandez Cadena, Leticia Heshmat, Ramin Hihtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani Ho, Sai Yin Ho, Suzanne C. Hobbs, Michael Hofman, Albert Hormiga, Claudia M. Horta, Bernardo L. Houti, Leila Htay, Thein Thein Htet, Aung Soe Htike, Maung Maung Than Hu, Yonghua Hussieni, Abdullatif S. Chinh Nguyen Huu Huybrechts, Inge Hwalla, Nahla Iacoviello, Licia Iannone, Anna G. Ibrahim, M. Mohsen Ikeda, Nayu Ikram, M. Arfan Irazola, Vilma E. Islam, Muhammad Iwasaki, Masanori Jackson, Rod T. Jacobs, Jeremy M. Jafar, Tazeen Jamil, Kazi M. Jamrozik, Konrad Jasienska, Grazyna Jiang, Chao Qiang Joffres, Michel Johansson, Mattias Jonas, Jost B. Jorgensen, Torben Joshi, Pradeep Juolevi, Anne Jurak, Gregor Juresa, Vesna Kaaks, Rudolf Kafatos, Anthony Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra Kapantais, Efthymios Kasaeian, Amir Katz, Joanne Kaur, Prabhdeep Kavousi, Maryam Keil, Ulrich Boker, Lital Keinan Kelishadi, Roya Kemper, Han H. C. G. Kengne, Andre P. Kersting, Mathilde Key, Timothy Khader, Yousef Saleh Khalili, Davood Khang, Young-Ho Khaw, Kay-Tee H. Khouw, Ilse M. S. L. Kiechl, Stefan Killewo, Japhet Kim, Jeongseon Kiyohara, Yutaka Klimont, Jeannette Kolle, Elin Kolsteren, Patrick Korrovits, Paul Koskinen, Seppo Kouda, Katsuyasu Koziel, Slawomir Kratzer, Wolfgang Krokstad, Steinar Kromhout, Daan Kruger, Herculina S. Kula, Krzysztof Kulaga, Zbigniew Kumar, R. Krishna Kusuma, Yadlapalli S. Kuulasmaa, Kari Kyobutungi, Catherine Laamiri, Fatima Zahra Laatikainen, Tiina Lachat, Carl Laid, Youcef Lam, Tai Hing Landrove, Orlando Lanska, Vera Lappas, Georg Laugsand, Lars E. Laxmaiah, Avula Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Le, Tuyen D. Leclercq, Catherine Lee, Jeannette Lee, Jeonghee Lehtimaki, Terho Lekhraj, Rampal Leon-Munoz, Luz M. Li, Yanping Lim, Wei-Yen Fernanda Lima-Costa, M. Lin, Hsien-Ho Lin, Xu Linneberg, Allan Lissner, Lauren Litwin, Mieczyslaw Liu, Jing Lorbeer, Roberto Lotufo, Paulo A. Eugenio Lozano, Jose Luksiene, Dalia Lundqvist, Annamari Lunet, Nuno Lytsy, Per Ma, Guansheng Machi, Suka Maggi, Stefania Magliano, Dianna J. Makdisse, Marcia Malekzadeh, Reza Malhotra, Rahul Rao, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Manios, Yannis Mann, Jim I. Manzato, Enzo Margozzini, Paula Markey, Oonagh Marques-Vidal, Pedro Marrugat, Jaume Martin-Prevel, Yves Martorell, Reynaldo Masoodi, Shariq R. Matsha, Tandi E. Mazur, Artur Mbanya, Jean Claude N. McFarlane, Shelly R. McGarvey, Stephen T. McKee, Martin McLachlan, Stela McLean, Rachael M. McNulty, Breige A. Yusof, Safiah Md Mediene-Benchekor, Sounnia Meirhaeghe, Aline Meisinger, Christa Mendes, Larissa L. Menezes, Ana Maria B. Mensink, Gert B. M. Meshram, Indrapal I. Metspalu, Andres Mi, Jie Michaelsen, Kim F. Mikkel, Kairit Miller, Jody C. Francisco Miquel, Juan Jaime Miranda, J. Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta Mohamed, Mostafa K. Mohammad, Kazem Mohammadifard, Noushin Mohan, Viswanathan Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Molbo, Drude Moller, Niels C. Molnar, Denes Mondo, Charles K. Monterrubio, Eric A. Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K. Moreira, Leila B. Morejon, Alain Moreno, Luis A. Morgan, Karen Mortensen, Erik Lykke Moschonis, George Mossakowska, Malgorzata Mostafa, Aya Mota, Jorge Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel Motta, Jorge Mu, Thet Thet Muiesan, Maria Lorenza Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina Murphy, Neil Mursu, Jaakko Murtagh, Elaine M. Musa, Kamarul Imran Musil, Vera Nagel, Gabriele Nakamura, Harunobu Namesna, Jana Nang, Ei Ei K. Nangia, Vinay B. Nankap, Martin Narake, Sameer Maria Navarrete-Munoz, Eva Nenko, Ilona Neovius, Martin Nervi, Flavio Neuhauser, Hannelore K. Nguyen, Nguyen D. Quang Ngoc Nguyen Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis E. Ning, Guang Ninomiya, Toshiharu Nishtar, Sania Noale, Marianna Norat, Teresa Noto, Davide Al Nsour, Mohannad O'Reilly, Dermot Ochoa-Aviles, Angelica M. Oh, Kyungwon Olayan, Iman H. Anselmo Olinto, Maria Teresa Oltarzewski, Maciej Omar, Mohd A. Onat, Altan Ordunez, Pedro Ortiz, Ana P. Osler, Merete Osmond, Clive Ostojic, Sergej M. Otero, Johanna A. Overvad, Kim Paccaud, Fred Michel Padez, Cristina Pajak, Andrzej Palli, Domenico Palloni, Alberto Palmieri, Luigi Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra Panza, Francesco Parnell, Winsome R. Parsaeian, Mahboubeh Pednekar, Mangesh S. Peeters, Petra H. Peixoto, Sergio Viana Pereira, Alexandre C. Perez, Cynthia M. Peters, Annette Peykari, Niloofar Son Thai Pham Pigeot, Iris Pikhart, Hynek Pilav, Aida Pilotto, Lorenza Pistelli, Francesco Pitakaka, Freda Piwonska, Aleksandra Piwonski, Jerzy Plans-Rubio, Pedro Poh, Bee Koon Porta, Miquel Portegies, Marileen L. P. Poulimeneas, Dimitrios Pradeepa, Rajendra Prashant, Mathur Price, Jacqueline F. Puiu, Maria Punab, Margus Qasrawi, Radwan F. Qorbani, Mostafa Tran Quoc Bao Radic, Ivana Radisauskas, Ricardas Rahman, Mahmudur Raitakari, Olli Raj, Manu Rao, Sudha Ramachandra Ramachandran, Ambady Ramke, Jacqueline Ramos, Rafel Rampal, Sanjay Rasmussen, Finn Redon, Josep Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M. Ribeiro, Robespierre Riboli, Elio Rigo, Fernando de Wit, Tobias Floris Rinke Ritti-Dias, Raphael M. Rivera, Juan A. Robinson, Sian M. Robitaille, Cynthia Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Maria Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A. Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba Rojroongwasinkul, Nipa Romaguera, Dora Ronkainen, Kimmo Rosengren, Annika Rouse, Ian Rubinstein, Adolfo Ruehli, Frank J. Rui, Ornelas Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Russo Horimoto, Andrea R. V. Rutkowski, Marcin Sabanayagam, Charumathi Sachdev, Harshpal S. Saidi, Olfa Salanave, Benoit Salazar Martinez, Eduardo Salomaa, Veikko Salonen, Jukka T. Salvetti, Massimo Sanchez-Abanto, Jose Sandjaja Sans, Susana Santos, Diana A. Santos, Osvaldo dos Santos, Renata Nunes Santos, Rute Sardinha, Luis B. Sarrafzadegan, Nizal Saum, Kai-Uwe Savva, Savvas C. Scazufca, Marcia Rosario, Angelika Schaffrath Schargrodsky, Herman Schienkiewitz, Anja Schmidt, Ida Maria Schneider, Ione J. Schultsz, Constance Schutte, Aletta E. Sein, Aye Aye Senbanjo, Idowu O. Sepanlou, Sadaf G. Shalnova, Svetlana A. Shaw, Jonathan E. Shibuya, Kenji Shin, Youchan Shiri, Rahman Siantar, Rosalynn Sibai, Abla M. Silva, Antonio M. Santos Silva, Diego Augusto Simon, Mary Simons, Judith Simons, Leon A. Sjostrom, Michael Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw Smeeth, Liam Smith, Margaret C. Snijder, Marieke B. So, Hung-Kwan Sobngwi, Eugene Soderberg, Stefan Soekatri, Moesijanti Y. E. Solfrizzi, Vincenzo Sonestedt, Emily Sorensen, Thorkild I. A. Soric, Maroje Jerome, Charles Sossa Soumare, Aicha Staessen, Jan A. Starc, Gregor Stathopoulou, Maria G. Staub, Kaspar Stavreski, Bill Steene-Johannessen, Jostein Stehle, Peter Stein, Aryeh D. Stergiou, George S. Stessman, Jochanan Stieber, Jutta Stoeckl, Doris Stocks, Tanja Stokwiszewski, Jakub Stratton, Gareth Strufaldi, Maria Wany Sun, Chien-An Sundstrom, Johan Sung, Yn-Tz Sunyer, Jordi Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul Swinburn, Boyd A. Sy, Rody G. Szponar, Lucjan Tai, E. Shyong Tammesoo, Mari-Liis Tamosiunas, Abdonas Tang, Line Tang, Xun Tanser, Frank Tao, Yong Tarp, Jakob Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B. Taylor, Anne Tchibindat, Felicite Thijs, Lutgarde Thuesen, Betina H. Tjonneland, Anne Tolonen, Hanna K. Tolstrup, Janne S. Topbas, Murat Topor-Madry, Roman Torrent, Maties Traissac, Pierre Trichopoulou, Antonia Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Trinh, Oanh T. H. Trivedi, Atul Tshepo, Lechaba Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K. Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka Tuomilehto, Jaakko Turley, Maria L. Tynelius, Per Tzotzas, Themistoklis Tzourio, Christophe Ueda, Peter Ukoli, Flora A. M. Ulmer, Hanno Unal, Belgin Valdivia, Gonzalo Vale, Susana Valvi, Damaskini van der Schouw, Yvonne T. Van Herck, Koen Hoang Van Minh van Valkengoed, Irene G. M. Vanderschueren, Dirk Vanuzzo, Diego Vatten, Lars Vega, Tomas Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo Veronesi, Giovanni Verschuren, W. M. Monique Viegi, Giovanni Viet, Lucie Viikari-Juntura, Eira Vineis, Paolo Vioque, Jesus Virtanen, Jyrki K. Visvikis-Siest, Sophie Viswanathan, Bharathi Vollenweider, Peter Voutilainen, Sari Vrijheid, Martine Wade, Alisha N. Wagner, Aline Walton, Janette Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan Wang, Ming-Dong Wang, Qian Wang, Ya Xing Wannamethee, S. Goya Wareham, Nicholas Weerasekera, Deepa Whincup, Peter H. Widhalm, Kurt Widyahening, Indah S. Wiecek, Andrzej Wilks, Rainford J. Willeit, Johann Wojtyniak, Bogdan Wong, Jyh Eiin Wong, Tien Yin Woo, Jean Woodward, Mark Wu, Frederick C. Wu, JianFeng Wu, Shou Ling Xu, Haiquan Xu, Liang Yamborisut, Uruwan Yan, Weili Yang, Xiaoguang Yardim, Nazan Ye, Xingwang Yiallouros, Panayiotis K. Yoshihara, Akihiro You, Qi Sheng Younger-Coleman, Novie O. Yusoff, Ahmad F. Zainuddin, Ahmad A. Zambon, Sabina Zdrojewski, Tomasz Zeng, Yi Zhao, Dong Zhao, Wenhua Zheng, Yingfeng Zhou, Maigeng Zhu, Dan Zimmermann, Esther Zuniga Cisneros, Julio |
| Título | Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants |
| Revista | Lancet |
| ISSN | 0140-6736 |
| ISSN electrónico | 1474-547X |
| Volumen | 387 |
| Número de publicación | 10026 |
| Página inicio | 1377 |
| Página final | 1396 |
| Fecha de publicación | 2016 |
| Resumen | Background Underweight and severe and morbid obesity are associated with highly elevated risks of adverse health outcomes. We estimated trends in mean body-mass index (BMI), which characterises its population distribution, and in the prevalences of a complete set of BMI categories for adults in all countries. Methods We analysed, with use of a consistent protocol, population-based studies that had measured height and weight in adults aged 18 years and older. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to these data to estimate trends from 1975 to 2014 in mean BMI and in the prevalences of BMI categories (<18.5 kg/m(2) [underweight], 18.5 kg/m(2) to <20 kg/m(2), 20 kg/m(2) to <25 kg/m(2), 25 kg/m(2) to <30 kg/m(2), 30 kg/m(2) to <35 kg/m(2), 35 kg/m(2) to <40 kg/m(2), = 40 kg/m(2) [morbid obesity]), by sex in 200 countries and territories, organised in 21 regions. We calculated the posterior probability of meeting the target of halting by 2025 the rise in obesity at its 2010 levels, if post-2000 trends continue. Findings We used 1698 population-based data sources, with more than 19.2 million adult participants (9.9 million men and 9.3 million women) in 186 of 200 countries for which estimates were made. Global age-standardised mean BMI increased from 21.7 kg/m(2) (95% credible interval 21.3-22.1) in 1975 to 24.2 kg/m(2) (24.0-24.4) in 2014 in men, and from 22.1 kg/m(2) (21.7-22.5) in 1975 to 24.4 kg/m(2) (24.2-24.6) in 2014 in women. Regional mean BMIs in 2014 for men ranged from 21.4 kg/m(2) in central Africa and south Asia to 29.2 kg/m(2) (28.6-29.8) in Polynesia and Micronesia; for women the range was from 21.8 kg/m(2) (21.4-22.3) in south Asia to 32.2 kg/m(2) (31.5-32.8) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Over these four decades, age-standardised global prevalence of underweight decreased from 13.8% (10.5-17.4) to 8.8% (7.4-10.3) in men and from 14.6% (11.6-17.9) to 9.7% (8.3-11.1) in women. South Asia had the highest prevalence of underweight in 2014, 23.4% (17.8-29.2) in men and 24.0% (18.9-29.3) in women. Age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 3.2% (2.4-4.1) in 1975 to 10.8% (9.7-12.0) in 2014 in men, and from 6.4% (5.1-7.8) to 14.9% (13.6-16.1) in women. 2.3% (2.0-2.7) of the world's men and 5.0% (4.4-5.6) of women were severely obese (ie, have BMI = 35 kg/m(2)). Globally, prevalence of morbid obesity was 0.64% (0.46-0.86) in men and 1.6% (1.3-1.9) in women. Interpretation If post-2000 trends continue, the probability of meeting the global obesity target is virtually zero. Rather, if these trends continue, by 2025, global obesity prevalence will reach 18% in men and surpass 21% in women; severe obesity will surpass 6% in men and 9% in women. Nonetheless, underweight remains prevalent in the world's poorest regions, especially in south Asia. Copyright (C) NCD Risk Factor Collaboration. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY. |
| Derechos | acceso restringido |
| Enlace | |
| Id de publicación en WoS | WOS:000373217500031 |
| Tema ODS | 03 Good Health and Well-being |
| Tema ODS español | 03 Salud y bienestar |
| Tipo de documento | artículo |